Umzansi wamathuba wamaglasu uphathelene ngesimo esikhulayo ku-2025: Okuphezulu Kakhulu & Ukuhlanjulwa Kwesibonakaliso njengamandla akhethekileyo

Ngokuba yisipha esikhasi kumongo wemida wezimali zelekthilesi, umongo waseChina wamda wesilika enameled uwuthuthukile ngokuphathelene nokulungiswa kweqembu ngo-2025. Idatha yakamuva ibonisa ukuthi ubude bomnawa wasekhathegithi uyafika ku-49.5 billion yuan nangenxa engaphezu kuka-2 million tons, okuyinkinga ye-5.8% ngonyaka. Isilinganiso samanzi amakhanda angeziwe akhula kakhulu, futhi izigaba ezindaweni eziyekelwayo njengezihlathi zamandla amasha (NEVs) namotore asebenza ngendlela efanele emisebenzini yokugcina amandla ahlukaniswe njengamathuba okuthuthukisa.

Ukunyakwa Kwezimali Ngokuthuthukile & Ukunyuswa Kwesimo Sokuhlelwa Kwezinhlelo

Ngonyaka ka-2025, umzansi wamakhabeli enameled waphila ngaphandle kwezilingo ephathelene ngenhla yobunzima nokulungiswa. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi amakhabeli enameled angcono (angaphilanga kakhulu, anconywayo kakhulu, nangcono kakhulu kumhlabathini) ayalingana nangaphezulu kuka-35% kumzansi, ngelixa izinhlayiya ephila kakhulu kunesimo se-Class F nangaphezulu zilima 42.3% yezinto ezakhiwako—kungekhono engu-15 kusuka ku-2020. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kugcwele amakhabeli amadumbu enameled kuma-NEVs. Ngokuthuthukisa kwe-68% yezinhlayiya zomkhumbi wamadumbu, leli qhaza lalilima ngama-31.7% ngonyaka, ngelixa ubuyisana kwezinto ezivikela kwe-corona nezinezigaba epholile kakhulu kwalima ngama-20% ngonyaka. Ngokwesifunda, i-Yangtze River Delta isebenza njengendawo ephakeme, uJiangsu noZhejiang bafaka 52% yezinto ezakhiwako ezenzulwini. iGuangdong ilima 14.6% ngokuthuthukisa kwebhizinisi lezobuchwepheshe, ngelixa iJiangxi ivuselela njengendawo entsha yokuthuthukisa ngama-19.4% yezinto ezakhiwako, ikhuthazwa yizindlela zokuthola isiliva. Umzansi ukhuthula kuyakhula, izinkampani ezingu-10 eziphambili, kuzo kufakwa i-JINGDA, i-CITYCHAMP DARTONG ADVANCED MATERIALS CO., LTD., ne-ROSHOW, zibophelela kakhulu kuka-60% yezindlela zokwakha. Izinkampani eziphambili zazibambeza izigaba zokuphila ngokuthuthukisa kwezobuchwepheshe nezindlela zokwenza izinto ngokwezilingo, ngelixa izinkampani ezincane nezimfushane zihlala zihlale kuzinyikela kwezimali nezimvume zomhlabathi.

Ukulungiswa Okugcwele Kwesithunzi Sezimali-Nethuba: Kusiswe Ngokuthi Iindleko Kunye Nethuba

Embonweni yomlando wendalo, ukuguqulwa kakhulu kwemali yecopper ekuqaleni kuyisahluko esikhulu sendlela. Umphumela wokuphakama kukaShanghai Copper Futures waphakama ngama-12% ngonyaka ku-2025, kuthintela iziseko ukulawula iindleko ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa, ukufumana amandla okudala ngexesha elide, kunye nokuthuthukisa iiconductor zecopper-aluminum. Iiziseko ezinezinkampani ezinye njengeJINTIAN zazilungiselela ukuphakama kweenyakhiwo kumaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu kwama-5% ngokuthi zidinga indawo yobuchwepheshe, ngelixa iinkampani ezincinci ziyagquma ngokushishayo kwindima yesafisha engcinezileyo ngokungabi nempumelelo yokuxhasa.

Kukhona ukwahluka kwezimali, nge-NEVs, imoto enzululwazi yokunyusa izivivane, nezixhumanisi ze-5G zenzela ngaphezu kwe-60% yezimali ezintsha. Kulezi, i-NEVs yayinezivivane ezintsha eziphakeme kakhulu ezingama-338,000 engu-27.4% yesivivane esigcwele. Imoto enzululwazi yokunyusa izivivane iphumelela ekunyenzeni kwezimali nguye 9.4% ngonyaka owenjeneyo. Indawo yokuthengisa kumasebe iphumelela kakhulu: ukungeza okuphelele kwezivivane zengxenye ye-copper kuye kuma-117,900 tons kusuka ku-January kuya ku-October, okuyinto eyongezeke nguye 23.46% ngonyaka owenjeneyo. I-India ne-Turkey zibukeka njengezindawo zokuthengisa ezigcwele ngokunyuka kwezimali nguye 768.5% no-198.8% ngokulandelana.

Inqubomgomo & Teknoloji Izimpusha Ezimbili: Ukunyuswa Okusheshayo Kwemvelo

Ngokwezepolisi, indlela yokuqinisekisa okubili nezigaba eziningi zokphila kanye nokuguquka kwesimo sezimali. Ngemuva kokusebenza kwesibonakaliso sokuqalela isimo sokuphatha izimali zokwakha kwiindawo zokwakha kanye neemfumba, kufuneka imithuthuko ibe yimele ngokupheleleyo ngaphantsi kwe-0.38 tons yenhliziyo yesilondolozi/ton kanye ne-VOCs ephinde iphinde ingcamango engaphantsi kwe-50mg/m³. Inkundla yokuhlela izimali zokwenza izinto eziphucwayo yayifika kwi-2.86 billion yuan, okuyeyona ngaphezulu kwe-23.4% ngeyonyaka. Igoveni lilifaka umthuthuko othemba olungaphaya komthi wamathuba omsebenzi wezilonda ezinzima kumgomo wamathuba amasha akhangelwa, ekususeni inkundla yokukhangela kumazwi ngokupheleleyo ngo-18.3%. Ukuvuselelwa kwezixhobo kuyayingxenye ebalulekileyo: izinkampani ezingcono ziqhubeka zikhangela inkundla yezixhobo ngaphezulu kwe-4%, u-JINGDA ubuyele ekugcineni kumthwalo ongavumelekanga wamandla aphantsi kwe-800V kumgangatho ophakeme kanye no-ROSHOW othembekile ekuxhobeni izixhobo ze-wire rod kumotore we-silicon carbide (SiC). Izindlela zokulanda ngaphandle kwebhola kanye nezenzo yegumbi elidijithali ziyahlanjulwa, izigaba zegumbi ezingaphandle kwebhola zifika kwi-35%. Ukuguquka kwegumbi lidla inkathi ngokupheleleyo ngo-23%. Ize zezixhobo ezintsha njenge graphene coatings kanye ne-nano-modified insulating paints zifikelela ekusebenzeni, zihlolela ukuguquka kwemvelo esuka kwi-Class 240+ ukukhathala kakhulu kanye nokuncipha okuncane kwe-dielectric loss.